A machine learning model of Arctic sea ice motions
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Abstract
Sea ice motions play an important role in the polar climate system by transporting pollutants, heat, water and salt as well as changing the ice cover. Numerous physics-based models have been constructed to represent the sea ice dynamical interaction with the atmosphere and ocean. In this study, we propose a new data-driven deep-learning approach that utilizes a convolutional neural network (CNN) to model how Arctic sea ice moves in response to surface winds given its initial ice velocity and concentration a day earlier. Results show that CNN computes the sea ice response with a correlation of 0.82 on average with respect to reality, which surpasses a set of local point-wise predictions and a leading thermodynamic-dynamical model, CICE5. The superior predictive skill of CNN suggests the important role played by the connective patterns of the predictors of the sea ice motion.